ITI Electrician AC aur DC System: Complete Notes in Hindi
ITI Electrician AC aur DC System: Complete Guide in Hindi
Bharat Skills aur NIMI NCVT syllabus ke mutabiq, ITI Electrician 1st Year ke liye **AC aur DC System (प्रत्यवर्ती और दिष्ट धारा प्रणाली)** ek behad mahatvapurna mool adhaar hai. Gharo aur udyogo me aane wali bijli aur battery se chalne wale upkaran inhi do systems par aadharit hote hain.
Electrical power generation, transmission aur distribution ko samajhne ke liye AC aur DC ka antar pata hona anivarya hai. Aayiye iske baare me विस्तार se samajhte hain.
1. DC System (Direct Current / दिष्ट धारा)
Direct Current (DC) wah electric current hai jinki disha (direction) aur maan (magnitude) samay ke sath nahi badalti; ye ek hi disha me seedhi bahti hai.
Srot (Sources)
Cells, Batteries, Solar Panels aur DC Generators DC power ke mukhya srot hain.
Polarity
DC system me fix Positive (+) aur Negative (-) terminals hote hain.
2. AC System (Alternating Current / प्रत्यावर्ती धारा)
Alternating Current (AC) wah electric current hai jo ek nishchit samay ke baad apni disha aur maan (magnitude) dono ko baar-baar badalti (oscillate karti) rehti hai.
Frequency (आवृत्ति)
Bharat me AC supply ki frequency **50 Hz** hoti hai, yaani ye 1 second me 50 baar apni disha badalti hai.
Srot (Sources)
Alternators aur AC Power Generators iske mukhya srot hain.
3. AC aur DC System me Mukhya Antar
- Transmission: AC power ko lambi doori tak asani se aur kam loss ke sath high voltage par bheja ja sakta hai, jabki DC me doori ke sath voltage drop zyada hota hai.
- Storage: DC current ko batteries me store kiya ja sakta hai, jabki AC current ko directly store nahi kiya ja sakta.
- Safety: AC ka shock DC ke mukable zyada khatarnak mana jata hai kyunki AC body ko apni taraf khichti hai.